Magnitude–frequency distribution of volcanic explosion earthquakes

Microscopic Evolution of Laboratory Volcanic Hybrid Earthquakes

Characterizing the interaction between fluids and microscopic defects is one of the long-standing challenges in understanding a broad range of cracking processes, in part because they are so difficult to study experimentally. We address this issue by reexamining records of emitted acoustic phonon events during rock mechanics experiments under wet and dry conditions. The frequency spectrum of th...

The Automated Identification of Volcanic Earthquakes: Concepts, Applications and Challenges

Automatic Classification of Volcanic Earthquakes in HMM-Induced Vector Spaces

Even though hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been used for the automatic classification of volcanic earthquakes, their usage has been so far limited to the Bayesian scheme. Recently proposed alternatives, proven in other application scenarios, consist in building HMMinduced vector spaces where discriminative classification techniques can be applied. In this paper, a simple vector space is induc...

Cooling magma model for deep volcanic long-period earthquakes

Deep long-period events (DLP events) or deep low-frequency earthquakes (deep LFEs) are deep earthquakes that radiate low-frequency seismic waves. While tectonic deep LFEs on plate boundaries are thought to be slip events, there have only been a limited number of studies on the physical mechanism of volcanic DLP events around the Moho (crust-mantle boundary) beneath volcanoes. One reasonable mec...

Volcanic hybrid earthquakes that are brittle-failure events

[1] Volcanoes generate a variety of pre-eruptive lowfrequency seismic signals. Hybrid earthquakes comprise a class of these signals having high-frequency onsets followed by low-frequency ringing. They are used empirically to predict eruptions, but their ambiguous physical origin limits their diagnostic use. The short-duration, near-field hybrid seismograms associated with the 2004 Mount St. Hel...